See TDM (Time
Division Multiplexing)
Time Warner Telecom, Ethernet
services offered by, 108
timing, importance in circuit
emulation scheme, 81??“82
TLAN services, examples of, 109
T-Line (TDM Line Service), features
of, 80
token bucket concept, applying to
trTCM algorithm, 64
token control frame, use of, 13
Token Ring LAN technology
decline of, 17
features of, 13
port growth of, 15
topology and protection (TP) frames,
role in RPR, 343
ToS (theft of service) attacks,
occurrence in EPONs, 189??“190
TP (topology and protection) frames,
role in RPR, 343
traceroute function, relationship to
OAM, 90
traffic parameters, relationship to
Bandwidth Profile, 63
traffic ratio, symmetry of, 174
TRAN layer, operational planes
related to, 58
transmission systems,
benefit of big pipe
architecture to, 282
transmit beam divergence, role in
FSO systems, 240
transmit optics, role in FSO
systems, 238
transport layer, separating client
layer from, 272
transport solution, need for, 279
transport systems, adapting
payloads for, 279
Transport/Data-Link layer,
OAM at, 88
Transport/Network layer of
reference model
emphasis on, 126
explanation of, 125
solutions for, 126??“128
tree-and-branch topologies, using
with WDM PON systems,
182??“183
trTCM algorithm, enforcement of
Bandwidth Profile by, 64
U
UMTS Release 5, transition to, 312
UNI (User-Network Interface)
connection by E-LAN, 70
and NNI, significance of, 47??“49
role in Carrier Ethernet, 59
support of EVCs by, 68
UNI service attribute, VLAN tag
support as, 68
Unicast Service Frame Delivery,
explanation of, 67
UPSR (unidirectional path-switched
ring) protection
implementing, 207
use in fiber networks, 205
V
VCAT (virtual concatenation), use
with SONET, 305??“306
VCCV (Virtual Circuit Connectivity
Verification), relationship to
pseudowire OAM, 440
VDSL
deployment of, 116
relationship to 10PASS-TS, 133
Index 549
VDSL2 products, availability of,
116??“117
VDSL2 standard, ratification of, 143
vendor solutions
for bridging, 419
for circuit bonding, 297
for DOCSIS-compliant equipment,
161??“162
for EoF and EoWDM, 231??“232
for EoMPLS (Ethernet over
MPLS), 467
for EoS (Ethernet of SONET),
324??“325
for EPON-specific components and
hardware, 194??“195
for Ethernet-over-copper, 145
for optical wireless mesh
networks, 260??“263
for RPR, 365??“369
for WiMAX, 497
VIDs (VLAN IDs), use of, 6??“7
virtual bridges, using as
alternatives to spanning trees,
407??“408
virtual concatenation, relationship
to circuit bonding, 269??“270
virtual concatenation (VCAT), use
with SONET, 305??“306
Virtual Private LAN Services
(VPLS), IP multicast in, 448.
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