See also
CAPEX (CAPital Expenditure)
for EoMPLS (Ethernet over
MPLS), 467
reduction of, 31, 34??“35, 37??“38
OPS (optical packet switching),
relationship to WDM
networks, 226
OPT-E-MAN, availability of, 108
optical access, benefits of, 144
optical add-drop multiplexer
(OADM) designs, development
of, 205
optical amplifiers, use of, 201
optical burst switching (OBS),
relationship to WDM
networking, 226
optical component technologies,
advances in, 198??“201. See also
fiber-optic networks
optical cross connects, obstacles to
deployment of, 282
optical Ethernet interfaces
10 Gigabit Ethernet, 210??“211
Fast Ethernet and Gigabit
Ethernet, 210
progress in, 209
optical fiber, differences in, 200
optical network architectures
CWDM (Coarse WDM), 208??“209
fixed add-drop rings, 205??“206
mesh switching, 208
point-to-point DWDM transport,
202??“205
reconfigurable add-drop rings,
206??“208
optical networks. See also
fiber-optic networks
control considerations, 211??“212
developments in, 172
managing, 212??“213
upgrading, 109??“110
optical packet switching (OPS),
relationship to WDM
networks, 226
optical reports, realizing savings in
RPR, 364
optical signal, first use of, 235
optical switches, use of, 201
optical wireless mesh networks
active systems, 237??“238
and active tracking, 242??“243
application of, 255
applications of, 252??“254
benefits of, 235??“236, 256??“257
compensating for mispointing
in, 242
components of, 236??“237
cost of, 250
dB loss/km for IR signal of, 244
density of, 250
deployment scenarios for, 257??“258
distance considerations, 250
drivers for, 254??“255
economic assessment of, 260
failure resiliency considerations,
250??“251
versus fiber networks, 237??“238
impact of atmospheric effects on,
243??“246
latency and jitter in, 249
limitations of, 255??“256
as LOS (line-of-sight) technology,
250
ongoing developments in, 259
overcoming limitations of,
250??“251
passive systems, 237??“238
as PtP (point-to-point)
technology, 250
as PtP technology, 247??“249
QoS (Quality of Service)
considerations, 251??“252
scalability of, 251
and services management, 252
shortcomings of, 257
support for TDM services in, 252
transmission and reception of
data in, 236??“237
using carrier-class Ethernet with,
251??“252
vendor solutions for, 260??“263
optical-layer performance
monitoring, challenge posed
by, 207
optics
and receive aperture, 240??“241
and receive FoV (field of view),
241??“242
receive optics, 240
and transmit beam
divergence, 240
and transmit beam width,
238??“240
transmit optics, 238
OSI (Open Systems Initiative)
Reference Model, significance
of, 4.
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