The Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF) has also defined an optical user network
interface (UNI) [8] protocol that allows clients to request/release capacity without knowledge
of network internals, i.e., an ???optical dial-tone.??? In addition, the OIF external-network
node interface (NNI) helps to automate connection establishment between domains [9].
Collectively, these standards facilitate a wide range of on-demand end-to-end networklevel
provisioning features, as demonstrated for EoS settings in Jones et al. [10].
Network and Services Management
Operations, administration, and maintenance (OAM) support is vital for carriers to
provision, monitor, and protect client services. In fact, these very OAM features can
be deciding factors in deploying a particular technology or vendor product. Now most
incumbent operators have come to rely upon SONET/SDH for robust carrier-class OAM
[5]. Clearly, similar capabilities are required at the DWDM and Ethernet layers, and
there have been some notable developments herein.
Optical Network Management The telecommunication network management (TMN)
framework defines a hierarchical management model in which element management
systems (EMS) interface to vendor network management systems (NMS) or carrier
operational support systems (OSS) [3].
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