Likewise, the North American and European DSL standards
bodies have incorporated the IEEE 802.3ah mechanisms into their standards via references
to the ITU specifications.
The dynamic and flexible IEEE 802.3ah methods for bonding multiple pairs has
been standardized by both groups as the method for delivering packet transport over
more than one copper loop. In the ITU, Ethernet bonding is part of the G.bond (G.998.2)
specification suite. In the ANSI T1 organization, it is known as the Ethernet bonding
specification (ATIS T1.PP.427.02-2004). In all of these cases, the referencing standards
use the IEEE 802.3ah bonding techniques and generalize them for any type of DSL.
Not only have these groups standardized on the IEEE 802.3ah methods, but also
they have worked to improve those methods. For example, the IEEE 802.3ah framing
mechanism has been extended by the ITU to allow transmission of small (less than
64-byte) frames. This simple adaptation of the IEEE method now allows for the use of
the same technology for native IP transport (where frames may be very small).
Similarly, the ITU has added a preemption mechanism to the base 64/65-octet encapsulation
method of EFM.
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