3 working group of
the 802 committee, the standard was pretty much the same as the DIX standard23 except
for a few changes. Subsequently, the International Standards Organization (ISO)
also approved the Ethernet standard as the 8802.3, catapulting it into use worldwide.
NOTE Any reference to Ethernet today usually means the IEEE 802.3 standards-based
Ethernet [1]. The CSMA/CD is hardly used anymore, except in half-duplex, shared media
environments; instead sophisticated switches and other equipment are used in a
full-duplex fashion in star-topologies where the issue of collisions is moot.24
The Development of Ethernet
Several advances were made to the initial IEEE 802.3 standard. Over the past twentyodd
years Ethernet has, in fact, seen considerable innovation and subsequent standardization.
The Ethernet standard has thus far focused on improvements across several
dimensions:
?– Distance Extended the physical distance more than 100 and up to approximately
2000 miles
21 Enlightened because the companies forewent the short-term revenue prospects in favor of something
that would ultimately be good for the entire industry.
22 DIX stood for Digital Equipment Corportion, Intel, and Xerox.
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