The mode of composing a Senate, which has been here advocated, not
only seems the best in itself, but is that for which historical
precedent, and actual brilliant success, can to the greatest extent be
pleaded. It is not, however, the only feasible plan that might be
proposed. Another possible mode of forming a Second Chamber would be
to have it elected by the First; subject to the restriction that
they should not nominate any of their own members. Such an assembly,
emanating like the American Senate from popular choice, only once
removed, would not be considered to clash with democratic
institutions, and would probably acquire considerable popular
influence. From the mode of its nomination it would be peculiarly
unlikely to excite the jealousy of, to come into hostile collision
with, the popular House. It would, moreover (due provision being
made for the representation of the minority), be almost sure to be
well composed, and to comprise many of that class of highly capable
men, who, either from accident or for want of showy qualities, had
been unwilling to seek, or unable to obtain, the suffrages of a
popular constituency.
The best constitution of a Second Chamber is that which embodies the
greatest number of elements exempt from the class interests and
prejudices of the majority, but having in themselves nothing offensive
to democratic feeling.
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