There is
doubtless a large portion of uncertainty in these signs of wisdom; but
we are seeking for such as can be applied by persons of ordinary
discernment. They will do well not to rely much on any one indication,
unless corroborated by the rest; and, in their estimation of the
success or merit of any practical effort, to lay great stress on the
general opinion of disinterested persons conversant with the subject
matter. The tests which I have spoken of are only applicable to
tried men; among whom must be reckoned those who, though untried
practically, have been tried speculatively; who, in public speech or
in print, have discussed public affairs in a manner which proves
that they have given serious study to them. Such persons may, in the
mere character of political thinkers, have exhibited a considerable
amount of the same titles to confidence as those who have been
proved in the position of practical statesmen. When it is necessary to
choose persons wholly untried, the best criteria are, reputation for
ability among those who personally know them, and the confidence
placed and recommendations given by persons already looked up to. By
tests like these, constituencies who sufficiently value mental
ability, and eagerly seek for it, will generally succeed in
obtaining men beyond mediocrity, and often men whom they can trust
to carry on public affairs according to their unfettered judgment;
to whom it would be an affront to require that they should give up
that judgment at the behest of their inferiors in knowledge.
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